Abstract for 6th asia pacific chemical reaction engineering symposium apcre11 september 18 21,2011 beijing china new technology in reactive extrusion and foaming with scco2 kun cao,a,b yan li,b zhen yaob, astate key laboratory of chemical engineering, zhejiang university, 310017, hangzhou, china, binstitute of polymerization and polymer engineering, department of chemical and. The creativity of setup performance relies on the adequacy between its chemistry expertise and its extrusion expertise. The chemical structure of these new lignin esters was determined using solidstate c cpmas nmr and ftir analysis. Reactive extrusion is considered a sustainable process as the reactions i. This first comprehensive overview of reactive extrusion technology for over a decade combines the views of contributors from both academia. Introduction to reactive extrusion reactive extrusion. Modification of polyethylenes by reactive extrusion. This technique has already been widely exploited for the synthesis 1722, grafting 23, hydrolysis 24 and depolymerization of tpus 25, as well as for the pro. Developments in machinery, materials and applications are outlined in the cond104 of commercial considerations and advances in fundamental understanding. The chapter mainly deals with the formulation of polymers by reactive extrusion polymerization.
Polymers chemistry by reactive extrusion creation and improvement of plastics perfecting of reactive extrusion processes. However care should be taken to optimise the reaction conditions since reaction has to be completed along with the shaping. Extrusion division has eight great sessions planned for antec 2011. Grafting of maleic anhydride on polypropylene by reactive. The full text of this article hosted at is unavailable due to technical difficulties. Polymers free fulltext reactive extrusion and magnesium. Dmso, glycol and glycerol were found to be efficient plasticizers for lignin. Starch modification using reactive extrusion starch modification using reactive extrusion xie, fengwei.
Crosslinking of pbt by reactive extrusion using znii epoxy. Xanthos, hanser publishers, patent ca2423712a1 crosslinked amylopectin by the crosslinked amylopectin is prepared by reactive extrusion. The book succeeds as a threepart survey of the chemical phenomena behind reactive extrusion, mechanisms operant in particular reactions, and approaches to tackling advanced engineering problems. Design of multistimuli responsive shapememory polymer. Volume 36 spring 2011 message from the tpc of extrusion. Traditional batch polymerization continuous stirred tank reactor loop reactor solvent based 1 recovery 520 times the polymer weight large and expensive 3. Crosslinking of pbt by reactive extrusion using znii. Summary reactive extrusion offers a more flexible alternative to polymerization in the presence of a solution, suspension, or emulsion and. Reactive compatibilization is the process of modifying a mixed immiscible blend of polymers to arrest phase separation and allow for the formation of a stable, longterm continuous phase. Polylactide pla was blended by conventional and reactive extrusion with limonene lm or myrcene my as biobased plasticizers. The reaction of esterification of plasticized kraft lignin kl with succinic and maleic anhydrides using reactive extrusion rex was studied in detail. However, some generalities can be stated, for instance, tpus can be easily overworked and degraded, which necessitates gentler tse configurations and processing conditions as compared to most other polymers figure 29. From january 2010 to april 2011 he was managing director of rkw sweden ab in helsingborg sweden.
A concern within the industry is the continuing edu. Apr 11, 2014 in 1995 he joined clextral, a manufacturer of twinscrew extrusion technology, and is now vicepresident in charge of scientific and technological development. Control of a ldpe reactive extrusion process sciencedirect. High temperature extrusion, usually using a twin screw extruder, is a main component of this process which accomplishes both of these reactions in a single step. The effects of monomerstarch feed ratios and moisture content during reactive extrusion of starchpolyacrylamide graft copolymers were investigated. In addition, the reactive extrusion avoids the use of an extra solvent based synthetic step normally encountered in conventional additive synthesis, thus ensuring. The instabilities that may occur during polymerization in extruders can pose severe lim itations on the process and on its scalability. Extrusion systems from coperion are particularly suitable for the reactive extrusion process due to the excellent product handling and mixing properties. Reactive extrusion processing of polypropylenetio2.
Extrusion plant tbd revision program evaluation report cdc pdf 220 kb 2 pages january 4, 2018. A,b hydrazide and aldehydefunctionalized polymer solutions in water or aqueous buffer are fed by syringe pump into separate reservoirs that are connected downstream across a zigzag series of channels designed to create a pressure gradient preventing backflow. Solventbased and reactive extrusion based production of. Modification of pla using reactive extrusion core reader.
Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed crosssectional profile. The modular corotating twinscrew extruder is an increasingly widely used polymer processing machine. The two main advantages of this process over other manufacturing processes are its ability to create very complex crosssections, and to work materials that are brittle, because the material only encounters compressive and shear stresses. The most common extrusion processes are extrusion moulding and extrusion to produce foam. Reactive extrusion of high temperature resins for additive. A subsequent treatment of the semifinished material before solidification e. Involved the extrusion polymerization of polysulfonenylon 6 block. Sep 18, 2019 the reaction of esterification of plasticized kraft lignin kl with succinic and maleic anhydrides using reactive extrusion rex was studied in detail.
Pharma extrusion continuous processing of pharmaceutical masses. Principles and practice natures robots a history of proteins, charles tanford, jacqueline a. Sep 18, 2019 although reactive extrusion has been known for many years, its application for processing of biobased polymer blends and composites is a relatively new direction of scientific research. Pdf chemical modification of plasticized lignins using. Crosslinking of pbt by reactive extrusion using znii epoxyvitrimer chemistry adrien demongeot, ramon groote, han goossens, theo hoeks, francois tournilhac, ludwik leibler, matiere molle et chimie, umr 7167 cnrs espci paris, psl research university, 10 rue vauquelin 75005 paris, france. Determines the effect of revision 1 to orauttkbs0056 extrusion plant tbd on previously completed claims. During the reactive extrusion, three main reactions are expected.
Solventfree chemistry for making imidized oligomers. Pdf reactive extrusion is a costeffective and environmentallyfriendly method to produce new materials with enhanced performance. Introduction to reactive extrusion andrew hollcraft 2. Asprocessed blends were carefully analyzed by a multiscale and multidisciplinary approach to tentatively determine their chemical structure, microstructure, thermal properties, tensile and impact behaviors, and hydrothermal stability. This paper presents the implementation of two multicriteria optimization methods based on different approaches, namely, rough set method rsm and net flow method nfm, to the manufacture by reactive extrusion of linear thermoplastic polyurethanes tpus, appropriate for medical applications. Reactive extrusion an overview sciencedirect topics. The principles and benefits of polymer modification and blending via reactive extrusion are explained. To prepare pptio 2 nanocomposites by limiting the problem of filler dispersion at the nanoscale, an original method was developed based on the creation of tio 2 through hydrolysiscondensation reactions solgel method of titanium n. A major advantage of the reactive extrusion process is avoidance of the use of solvent, but the high temperatures encountered in extrusion can also lead to secondary reactions, like. Materials amylomaize vii 70% amylose corn starch was procured from american maize products co. Reactive extrusion is sustainable, solventfree, well controlled, scalable and agile for production of specialty resin formulations.
Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf reactive extrusion and barrier properties of pppet films article pdf available in iranian polymer journal 1610. Sty obtained by reactive extrusion were also much higher than the ones calculated from literature data see supporting information for details. The process disclosed uses a series of sequential, very closelycoupled, independently driven screw extruders having a total effective. Reactive extrusion line when dealing with a reaction system with high viscosity, twin screw extruder has overwhelming advantages due to its great heat and mass transfer performance, excellent interface renewing ability, narrow residence time distribution, large specific surface for devolatilization, and low threshold for continuous operation.
Pdf reactive extrusion and barrier properties of pppet films. Ldpe is a commodity resin, which is used in applications such as blown film, extrusion coating, blow moulding, and foamed products. Reactive extrusion rex is a manufacturing method that combines the traditionally separated chemical processes polymer synthesis andor modification and extrusion melting, blending, structuring, devolatilization and shaping into a single process carried out onto an extruder. This chapter discusses reactive extrusion, which is an attractive route for polymer processing like polymerization, branching, etc. Download pdf reactiveprocessingofpolymers free online. Reactive extrusion describes a special process in extrusion technology in which individual components are bonded by a chemical reaction.
Reactive extrusion is the term used to describe the use of an extruder as a continuous reactor for polymerization or polymer modification by chemical reaction. Pdf reactive extrusion of biobased polymer blends and. From 2006 to end of 2009 he was head of extrusion and thus responsible for the production of polyolefin films for hygiene, consumer packaging and industrial applications. Although reactive extrusion has been known for many years, its application for processing of biobased polymer blends and composites is a relatively new direction of scientific research. For example, increasing the screw speed will decrease the residence time and. Munich reactive extrusion compatibilization of reactive extrusion compatibilization of polyvinyl alcohol in reactive extrusion. Numerical simulations of reactive extrusion in twin screw. Reactive extrusion produced starch extrudates that upon forming hydrogels were capable of sustaining release of metoprolol tartrate mpt.
Oct 06, 2017 this first comprehensive overview of reactive extrusion technology for over a decade combines the views of contributors from both academia and industry who share their experiences and highlight possible applications and markets. Plasticization of polylactide with myrcene and limonene as. Antec 2017 extrusion singlescrew extrusion neubrech u. Methods are disclosed for a novel and useful single pass extrusion process for the reactive extrusion and compounding of polymers. Starch phosphates prepared by reactive extrusion as a. Starch graft copolymers have been obtained via grafting of acrylic monomers i. Continuous equipments, like single or twinscrew extruders have to. It is done via the addition of a reactive polymer, miscible with one blend component and reactive towards functional groups on the second component, which. Schematic of gel microparticle formation via reactive microfluidics.
Written by an accomplished field authority, it works through issues involving scaleup from laboratory to productionsize equipment, process stability. The present work addresses control issues in the modification of lowdensity polyethylene ldpe with small amounts of peroxides. However, it is also a complex process, due to the high number of processing parameters and their possible interactions 7. Reactive extrusion of starchpolyacrylamide graft copolymers. Frontiers chemical modification of plasticized lignins. Material feed in reactive extrusion is a major concern when compared to a batch reaction kettle. Processing thermoplastics urethanes via twin screw extrusion. As a result, readers will find here a compilation of potential applications for reactive extrusion to access new and costeffective polymeric materials, while using existing compounding machines. Reactive extrusion and magnesium ii nheterocyclic carbene catalyst are successfully employed in continuous polylactide synthesis. There may be back mixing depending upon the design. Application with its extrusion lines and integrated containment solutions in gmp design, leistritz is the market and innovation leader in the demanding field of pharmaceutical extrusion. Us20060076705a1 multiple extruder assembly and process. Reactive extrusion offers a more flexible alternative to polymerization in the presence of a solution, suspension, or emulsion and subsequent compounding. In such case, reactive extrusion presents significant advantages as it can be used under well controlled ope rating conditions feed rate, temperature, mixing rate, etc.
Fabricating degradable thermoresponsive hydrogels on multiple. Extrusion processing technology wiley online books. This first comprehensive overview of reactive extrusion technology for over a decade combines the views of contributors from both academia and industry who share their experiences and highlight possible applications and markets. Over the past decade, the growth ofresearch and development interest in polymer extrusion has been guided by the facts that plastics can no longer be. But in reactive extrusion, both modification and processing are donesimultaneously and hence this technique is gaining importance now days.
Starch graft copolymers as superabsorbents obtained via. Home on setup performance, creation of polymers by. Reactive extrusion of biobased polymer blends and composites. The extent of this length may be worked out either by freezing.
Chemical modification of plasticized lignins using reactive. In between state where polymers can be modified by reactive extrusion and. In this study, pet wastes from nonwoven fabrics production were extruded in presence of the secondary stabilizer irgafos 126 irg on variable concentrations. New technology in reactive extrusion and foaming with scco2. Material movement through the extruder is plug flow. Each formulation requires its own system configuration and processing conditions. Chemical reaction processes via twin screw extrusion.
The reactive extrusion of thermoplastic polyurethane. Starch modification using reactive extrusion, starch. Reactive extrusion wiley online books wiley online library. Traditional extruders utilized in reactive processes are of length to diameter ratios ranging from 30 to 1 to as high as 56 to 1. Extrusion extrusion is the oldest and simplest way of processing pet. The occurrence of these reactions has been studied by a multiscale and multidisciplinary approach.
Cdc niosh radiation dose reconstruction extrusion plant. Apr 01, 2006 starch modification using reactive extrusion starch modification using reactive extrusion xie, fengwei. The reactive extrusion of the pet in presence of chain extenders is an alternative to recover mechanical and rheological properties that were depreciated by the polymer degradation. Since the polymer is completely melted during extrusion and brought into a new form, the extrusion process is a primary shaping process urformverfahren. In addition to be much more productive, reactive extrusion enables to work with much safer chemicals nahco 3 and acetone than classical solutionbased processes using et 3 n and dmf. Starch graft copolymers as superabsorbents obtained via reactive extrusion processing. Reactive extrusion is the simplest and most cost effective method for carrying out this twostep reaction. Reynolds, jacqueline reynolds, 2003, science, 304 pages. Janssen department of chemical engineering groningen university groningen, the netherlands interest in reactive extrusion has grown considerably during the last decade. Pdf reactive extrusion and barrier properties of pppet. A preliminary study allowed determining the process operating conditions for which the polymerization.
Robert h wildi 2717 old saint marys pike parkersburg wv, 26104, usa. The context of this study is the mathematical modeling of a reactive extrusion process and its application to alginate extraction from brown algae. They also provide updated information on the underlying chemical and physical concepts, summarizing recent developments in terms of the material and machinery used. Pdf the reactive extrusion for polymerization is an integrated polymer processing technology. In the past three decades, extrusion technology has become an. Introduction to reactive extrusion reactive extrusion wiley. Extrusion the first chapter of this book discusses the fundamentals of extrusion technology, including extrusion principles, processes, mechanics, and variables and their effects on extrusion. However, this kind of equipment is quite useful for preliminary studies at the laboratory scale.
Design and multicriteria optimization of a twostage reactive. Design and multicriteria optimization of a twostage. This paper describes analyses of reactive extrusion. Pdf computer simulation of reactive extrusion processes for free. Principles and applications gunter beyer, christian hopmann this first comprehensive overview of reactive extrusion technology for over a decade combines the views of contributors from both academia and industry who share their experiences and highlight possible applications and markets. On the stability of reactive extrusion core reader. Professor bouvier has published more than 100 scientific papers in international periodicals, as well as five chapters in books dealing with extrusion processing and technology. Phosphorous content was higher for starch phosphates prepared at ph 9. Extrusion moulding extrusion moulding is basically a process whereby molten pet is extruded into a mould where it sets to.
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